The Death of Ivan Ilyich Essay -- Literary Analysis, Tolstoy

In his novella, The Death of Ivan Ilyich, Leo Tolstoy satirizes the isolation and materialism of Russian society and suggests that its desensitized existence overlooks the true meaning of lifecompassion. Ivan had attained everything that society deemed important in life a high social position, a the right way job, and money. Marriage developed out of necessity rather than love He only required of it those conveniencesdinner at home, housewife, and bedwhich it could give him (17). Later, he purchased a magnificent house, as society dictated, and attempted to fill it with ostentatious antiquities solely available to the wealthy. However, In reality it was just what is usually seen in the houses of mass of moderate means who want to appear rich, and therefore succeed only in resembling others like themselves (22). Through intense characterizations by the detached and omniscient narrator, Tolstoy reveals the flaws of this late superficial society. Although Ivan has flourished under th e standards of society, he fails to establish any sort of connection with another human being on this earth. Tragically, only his fatal illness female genitals allow him to confront his own death and reevaluate his life. He finally understands, in his final breath, that All you have lived for and still live for is falsehood and deception, hiding life and death from you (69).Tolstoy establishes his satire instantly after the death of Ivan through the cruel and selfish reactions of his friends. The death of a friend would normally conjure feelings of trouble and compassion, yet for Ivans close associates, thoughts of their futures drowned out any thoughts of death. So on receiving the news of Ivan Ilychs death the first thought of each of the gentlemen in ... ...nt factors in an man-to-mans life. Tolstoy suggests that even though most of Russian society has lived similar to Ivan, an opportunity will always exist to redeem oneself of his past greed. Leo Tolstoy argues in The Dea th of Ivan Ilyich the importance of compassion in life and the pivotal role it plays in allowing an individual to live a truly satisfying life. In his eyes, the Russian nobility did not actually live since their sole priorities were themselves and obtaining possessions. While the poor, on the other hand, understood the importance of their time on this earth and seized every bite of it. Although written in the late nineteenth century, Tolstoys work continues to apply to American society even today. People continue to isolate themselves from the world and stamp out all difficult emotions, believing that their wealth-oriented lives are noble.

National Sovereignty, Oppressive Government, and the US Role in the Wor

National Sovereignty, Oppressive Government, and the US Role in the World insane asylum The American attack against Afghanistan that was triggered by the September 11th tragedy once again raised the question of US role in the world. The current troops intervention also touched the issue of the major factors, defining the course of US international polity. In the globalized world today the ratio of soft reason (the ability to attract through cultural and ideological appeal) to hard power (a countrys economic and military ability to buy and coerce) used in solving international conflicts is constantly increasing (Nye 2). However, military campaigns still provide a way out of deepening international crises. Should America, then, engage in indiscriminate humanitarian interventions, advancing its ideas of democracy, human rights and liberty, or should it be militarily concerned however with international affairs that have a direct bearing on US vital national interests? In my paper I argue that the US violation of a countrys sovereignty should come only after a careful consideration and deep investigation of the reasons behind an international conflict. Moreover, all interventions should be based on specific achievable end-goals and strategies. Also, US military campaigns rationale should suit Americas vital national self-interest, as I define it later. Several reasons support such an international indemnity First, in the long run the negative effects of a military international intervention, even if against oppressive governments, could actually outweigh the positive ones. Moreover, coercive policy could, in fact, aggravate a conflict by providing grounds for long lasting hostility, aggression, or ev... ...osnia and Kosovo. The Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies v. 25,( 2000) p. 489-510Nye, Joseph S. Jr., Redefining the National interest. Foreign Affairs, (July/ rarefied 1999) p. 22+Rule, James B., On evils abroad and Americas ne w world order. Dissent v. 46, no3 (1999) p. 50 57Smith, Tony, Morality and the use of force in a unipolar world the Wilsonian moment?. Eyhics and International Affairs v. 14, (2000) p. 11-22 http//www.cceia.org/lib_volume14.htmlTarzi, Shah M., The threat of the use of force in American post-cold war policy in the Third World. Journal of Third World Studies v. 18, no1, (2001) p. 39-64 The U.S. Nuclear Weapons Cost Study Project

It Should NOT be a Crime to Smoke :: essays research papers

It Should NOT be a Crime to Smoke protrude in the cold, a lone member of society stands alienated from the rest of the world. A plume of smoke rises from her mouth this is what sets her apart from the rest of the population, the fact that she smokes. In the last decade, this has been happening as people become staunchly more politically correct. It has approximately become a crime to smoke in this sphere as the years progress. Is this right? Should smokers be treated this way, are they worse than the rest of society just because of their habit? Smokers have been banned from almost ever facility in this nation, save some fast food restaurants and bars. Almost all the nice restaurants have turn downd smoking sections, and for what reason to quell the abuse of all the nonsmokers in this world? If these people had their way all the smokers would be crammed into a rocket and shot off to farthest reaches of the universe. Why have smokers been goaded out of public places when there are efficient ways of eliminating abethand smoke? There are machines called smoke eaters that have been scientifically proven to eliminate 98% of the toxins found in secondhand smoke. Why are these overlooked when legislation is passed making it illegal to have smoking sections in public buildings? I do not have the answers to these questions, only the politicians do. Ithaca College is not above these laughable laws. Ithaca College is trying to pass legislation that bans smoking from certain out door areas of the campus. How ridiculous is this. Smokers are not only banned from all indoor areas but now we are confined to certain outdoor areas. President Peggy Williams wants this to go finished and says it is time to make a stand. I say that all the smokers of this nation should ban together and put an end to this tyranny that makes our lives more difficult both year. We must stop them from discriminating against us. I believe that smokers should have the right to smoke anywhere out of doors and in certain areas indoors where efficient second hand smoke elimination procedures are in place. I need no backing for the outdoors claim because if smokers are not permitted to smoke outdoors than where are they allowed to smoke, only in their houses with the windows closed and the blinds drawn?

Impacts of WTO on Trading Countries Essay -- essays research papers f

Impacts of WTO on Trading Countries     International trading has had its delays and road blocks, which has created a number of problems for countries around the world. Countries, struggle with one an early(a) to get the better deal, create tariffs and taxes to maximize their profit. This fighting leads to bad relationships with competing countries, and the little producing countries get the short end of this stick. Regulations and organizations have been established to stand by everyone get the best deal, such as the World art Organization (WTO), but not everyone needs help, especially from an organization that seems to help only the big countries and those they want to trade with. This paper will be discussing international trading with emphasis on national sovereignty, the World Trade Organization, and how the WTO impacts trading countries.     To understand how the World Trade Organization impacts international trading and national so vereignty, we must know what they are and mean to countries. All countries must trade to sustain their people and to get the products they need. It is a known fact that certain countries have what former(a) countries need/want whether it is natural resources, labor or consumer products. Trading though needs to be regulated, because bigger countries lot bully subalterner less experienced countries. Countries are looking to get the most profit necessary, and with out regulations some countries could take what the need. National sovereignty is when a nation has complete rule over its country or the region in which it controls. When international trading comes into play, that nations rule can change, or be changed, to better fit trade agreements, taxes/tariffs, and the sort. National sovereignty is usually bent, even if just a little, to abide to companies within their nation and other trade partners.     To discuss how the World Trade Organization impacts internat ional trading and national sovereignty we must first explain what it is and why it was established in the first place. The World Trade Organization is designed to create the rules involved with trade. These trading rules include all countries, not just the US, and can therefore be a little tricky at times. "The WTO establishes a framework for trade policies, it does not define or specify outcome... ...end of the stick seem to be the small farms, developing countries, local communities and the environment. The WTO isnt a perfect organization by any means, but it does try to regulate tariffs and taxes and occasionally does end up aid a few poor countries out. Without the WTO, would the world be a different place? America needs it, this much we know, but do all the other countries? Many protestors would argue that no, the world does not need the WTO and everyone should stick to its own domestic issues. However, others might say yes, the WTO can be of some use when relations with particularly remote countries that might not have a chance to trade with anyone else otherwise. In either case the facts have been shown on what the WTO is, why it is here, what it does and how it cause trading. Works CitedBagwell, Kyle & Staiger, Robert W. "A Theory of Managed Trade," American Economic Review. 1990. American Economic Association, vol. 80(4), pages 779-95.Hoekman, B. The WTO, the EU and the Arab World Trade Policy Priorities and Pitfalls. Centre for Economic Policy. 1995. CEPR. Paullier, Juan. In Depth I World Trade Organization. Choike. 2004. 04/22/2005.

Theme of The Hollow Men Essay -- essays research papers

There is said to be a thin line between the planning and the execution a sinister action, as the idea is what first drives the motion. This is the central theme of T.S. Eliots poem The Hollow Men, in which the work force depicted find themselves on the brink of hell, suffering non from their actions, but from their conspiracy to act.Throughout the poem, it appears that the men feel that they have done nothing wrong. The title itself, The Hollow Men, indicates that perhaps there is nothing to these men at allas if they have done neither good nor evil. The conspiracy that they appear to be contriving is not made clear in the poem. One butt end only assume, however, that is it of some evil nature in the way that there is so much attention drawn to it. In Part I of the poem, the men seem to be vehemently pleading innocent to the audience. They argue that their collaborations are harmless in the lines, Our dried voices, when/We whisper together/Are quiet and empty/As wind in dry grass . Its as if they are trying to persuade their audience that their efforts were truly without any cruel intention, like a gesture without motion. The men seem to know deep down that they have committed a wrong in the way that they are fervently denying their guilt, as anyone ashamed of something well generally deny it more than usual. Yet this excuse of passive planning could never possibly emancipate them from a fate in purgatory.In t...

My Greatest Moment :: essays research papers

I remember one of the greatest moments of my high school career. I have played lacrosse since seventh grade and every socio-economic class Ive gotten a little better, or at least I hope I have. My outgrowth year I understood most of the rules, could catch, throw, and pull off up ground balls. My second year I understood all the rules, could pass well and put my surmises where I wanted them. My third year of lacrosse was the first time I had played a high school sport so I think that I developed my skills much more than ever before.After playing lacrosse for three years I thought that I was getting fairly decent however I had never scored a goal. totally of my freshman year I took good aggressive shots and most of them were on goal. In practice I would put many of my shots behind the goalie solely it seemed like the goalies in the games were brick walls. I can remember it like it was yesterday I picked up the ball verses Chantilly at the restraining line and carried it to the compensate corner of the box. The right side is my take up side for taking shots I have a fairly strong right hand with my stick. I took my man one on one, I tried to go outside and he was there so I went on the inside of the defender. He wasnt ready and I had an undefended shot about fifteen feet out from the goal, I took it. In an instant the Chantilly goalie was on his knees with his stick in the dust. I felt like the instauration was paused. Then very slowly I saw him get up and pass the ball to his teammate who took off for our side. He had saved the last shot I would take for that season.The whole year after I spent time getting in shape and working on my stick skills. At least twice a week I would go and shoot at the tennis courts that were near my house. I worked and worked at getting to be the best lacrosse player I could be. I wanted to know what it felt like to have my name and number announced over the whole field and maybe if I did my very best over the P.A. system in school the next morning. * * *During the off-season after my freshman year the head coach, Coach La Chance, was replaced.

DBQ: The Enlightenment Essay

The learning known by many as the Age of Reason was a turning point in history. Man populate believe that without the Enlightenment, many of the laws, and rules would exist. For example the United sound outs Declaration of emancipation and the Constitution were greatly influenced by the Enlightenment. For example, John Locke, an Enlightenment thinker highly influenced the Declaration of Independence by stating that the intrinsic rights of people include life, liberty and property except the intro fathers changed it by stating life, liberty, and the inquisition of happiness.The American Revolution itself has been called the embodiment of Enlightenment ideas. If the founding fathers were not influenced by some of these ideas, maybe the United Sates would not be a democracy it could have been an absolute monarchy, aristocracy, etc. Some of our human rights would not exist if it were for the Enlightenment. Philosophers such as Montesquieu, Rousseau, Locke, and others lead to many great changes. These ideas were used by some to challenge absolute monarchies.An absolute monarchy is a presidency rule by one ruler. These ideas also wedge both government and society. Some of the ideas of the Enlightenment were used to challenge absolute monarchy. One example is given in Document 1, Montesquieu who was a french philosopher during the Enlightenment, states, There can be no liberty with the executive, legislative, and judicial powers atomic number 18 united in one person or body it a persons, because such concentration is bound to result in arbitrary despotism.In this teaching, Montesquieu is stating that liberty cannot exist where three powers of government are held by one person or body of persons. This is because then the people would not have rights for themselves. The idea was used to challenge an absolute monarchy the people thought that it was inequitable that one person was ruling the state where as they wanted that people have a say in the government and everyone should have equal rights. some other idea used to challenge an absolute monarchy was in Document 2.Voltaire, who was a French author and philosopher, states I may disapprove of what you say, but I volition defend to the death your right to say it The best government seems to be that in which all ranks of men are equally protected by the laws This statement challenged absolute monarchies because Voltaire believed that freedom of speech should be a right for each person. He believed that people should be able to express their thoughts and feelings. Freedom of speech is a very important right today, and it is used every day by people who express their thoughts.Also in Document 3 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who was a French philosopher states Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains. Rousseau is saying that despite the fact that man is born free, he is still tortures, still mistreated and has all of those free liberties taken away from him. For example, even though people in France prior to the revolution were all human, only the third estate had to redeem taxes. The Enlightenment also had a large impact on both government and society.For example in Document 5 English philosopher Locke states Man world by nature all free, equal, and independent no one can be subjected to the political power of another without his own consent To protect natural rights governments are established Since man hope to preserve their property by establishing a government, they will not want the government to suppress the objectives. When legislators try to destroy or take away the property of people, or try to reduce them to slavery, they put themselves in to a state of war with the people who can respond to obey the laws.This idea had a large impact on both government and society because told society that if they wanted to keep their property, they would have to establish a government that protects natural rights. This impacted the society because many people w anted natural rights and this statement influenced the society to establish a new face of government. It impacted the government because this statement told the government that if the people wanted to keep their property and other rights they would have to establish a new government meaning that the flow government would have to change, so the government would be concerned.Another example of an impact on both government and society is shown in Document 6, an leave out from the Declaration of Independence. It states, We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are buildd amongMen, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to i nstitute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. This excerpt impacts government because it states that certain rights is unalienable, meaning that they cannot be taken away from you these include life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.The impact of the Enlightenment had an effect on government because before the Enlightenment governments of europium were primarily Divine Right Monarchies, meaning a King ruled, who was selected by God. Prior to the Enlightenment people believed that if you disobeyed the King, you disobeyed God. There was no difference between the State and the Church because each State had its own religion. No one had rights there were no checks and balances or separation of powers because only one person was in control. The amphetamine classes had the rights causing the lower classes to be angry.The impact the Enlightenment had on society was that it gave people curiosity to why they dont have natural rights. The ideas of the Enlightenment led to the society of France to rebel and that led to the French Revolution, therefore the ideas of the Enlightenment led people to realize that they are not being given rights that they are entitled to. As you can see the Enlightenment I considered a turning point in world history, changing mans pile of government and society. Examples of these ideas are shown in documents 1-6.Many of the ideas created by the philosophers during the Enlightenment led to many revolutions and greatly influenced many countries including the United States of America. Also these ideas led people to question and rebel for rights that they are entitled to. Some of these include freedom of speech, and equality. If the ideas of the Enlightenment were not important, many countries including the United States could have been an absolute monarchy, aristocracy, or another type of government where all citizens are not equal.

How Is Friar Lawrence Presented in Romeo and Juliet Essay

During the play of Romeo and Juliet, the characters show love in many different ways. Some characters fall in and out of love really quickly in Romeo and Juliet. For example, Romeo is in love with Rosaline at the start of the play, which is presented as an immature action. Today, we might use the term puppy love to describe this. Romeos lover Rosaline is alter and nobody really believes that it will last, including Friar Laurence Romeo Thou chidst me oft for loving Rosaline Friar Laurence For doting, not loving, pupil mine.In the starting line meeting of Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare uses holiness in describing the first love & sight of Romeo and Juliet. Such as good pilgrim when Juliet first responded to Romeos compliment, this show religious use. However during Romeos & Juliets first meeting they share a sonnet to express each others first love for one another, The gentile sin this is a very ironic line because its end result is death.Just before Romeo & Juliet share their fi rst kiss, Juliet exclaims herself as a saint Saints do not move, though grant for prayers sake Juliet is saying that her prayers have been answered. Romeo described Juliet as a saint O then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do, this delegacy shes seen holy by Romeo. During the first Balcony scene Shakespeare introduces the example of love from the first meeting of Romeo & Juliet, example such as Dear saint.Romeo says Juliet is the temperateness, which is describing Juliet as a special part of the universe the centre of everything, for example, without the sun life would not be able to exist also life revolves almost the sun and it seems to make Juliet seem brighter and more important. During the beginning of the fight between Tybalt and Romeo, Romeo pleads with Tybalt to not to fight I do protest I never hurt thee, but love thee better than thou canst devise Only Romeo knows of the love and marriage between himself and Juliet.Tybalt, Juliet cousin is now part of Romeos family , and does not deprivation to hurt/ kill him for the future love between himself and Juliet. Tybalt emphases his anger with horns on his costume in Romeo & Juliet the film. Also Tybalt does not know about Romeo and Juliet so he decides he wants a fight. After Romeo exits and Tybalt kills Mercutio Romeo enters and kills Tybalt, this questions Juliet over Romeo does Romeo prefer friends of family? Romeo expected the death sentence, but the decision was to moreover banish him, he acted badly to this ecision Ha ostracism? Be merciful say death, He would rather prefer death because hed be with Juliet when she dies than never see her again allow me taen, let me be put to death During the 2nd balcony scene Romeo says more light and light, more dark and dark our woes this means that whenever theres more happiness, there will always be darkness in the background, and their love is gradually being taken over by darkness fashioning them scared.During the dying scene Romeo sees Juliet a s being dead. Thy drugs are quick. Thus with a kiss I die Romeo exclaims that finally their love has been overrun with sin and treat doing in life, the only way for them to be together is in death. When Juliet wakes up and realises Romeo is dead, she takes her own life because if she cannot be with her lover Romeo in life, than they shall share death O Happy daggerThis is thy sheath, there rust, and let me die she is happy to take death over life with sin.In conclusion Romeo and Juliets life was only taken from them because of the selfishness immaturity between themselves. Also Friar Lawrence should not have encouraged them to go forward with Juliet pretending to die. However because of the many sins Romeo and Juliet had committed, they would have probably chosen death over life.

A Dysfunctional Family Essay

Families are supposed to be there for each new(prenominal) and what have you. The families of today are more or less normal, but in the book The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams the Wingfield family is very dysfunctional. What makes this family dysfunctional are the members of it, such as Amanda, turkey cock, and Laura. Amanda was a very talkative mother. Amanda Wingfield was how the book called her, A little woman of great but confused vitality clinging frantically to other time and place. (p. 5). This is very true on top of that Amanda was loquacious and always bragging ab reveal how many gentleman callers she had. By doing this Amanda made her daughter Laura note bad. An example of such is One Sunday afternoon in Blue Mountain- your mother received seventeen gentleman callers Why, whatsoevertimes there werent chairs replete to accommodate them all. ( i, p. 26). tomcat on the other hand took care of his family. Tom Wingfield was the man of the house because his fathe r had fallen in love with long blank space and he was caring for the girls. When Amanda gets in the way or tries to make things even more difficult for Tom he decides to go out to the movies or or else drinking. Tom finally flipped at Amanda unrivaled day and told her how he felt about her and the warehouse.He said, You think Im in love with the Continental Shoemakers? You think I want to spend fifty-five old age down there in that celotex interior With fluorescent tubes Look Id or else roughlybody picked up a crowbar and battered out my brains than go back mornings I go Every time you come in let out that Goddamn Rise and Shine Rise and Shine I say to myself How lucky dead people are But I get up. I go ( iii, p. 41). Laura cant documentaryly wish all that much. Laura Wingfield is Amandas daughter. She is a very shy girl who does not take a salutary to meeting new people. Lauras problem is she has A childhood illness that has left her crippled, one leg slightly shorte r than the other, and held in a brace. (p. 5). Laura was projecting Rubicams Business College.Her mother had went to the business college to see how Laura was doing and to her surprise the teacher had told Amanda, Laura was not attending anymore. She told her mother she had gotten sick in front of all her classmates and couldnt go back so shes been All sorts of places broadly speaking in the park. ( ii, p. 32). The Wingfield family just doesnt seemnormal. In conclusion, the Wingfield family is very dysfunctional in many ways. apiece person in that family makes it that way too. Amanda still living in the past, Tom always going to the movies, and Laura being crippled and shy. Some things can be dealt with and some things cant. Everyone has their problems and the Wingfields are just more open about it.The core of The Glass Menagerie rests on the dysfunctional relationship of the Wingfield family and the distinctive quirks that plague them. The matriarch, Amanda, is futile to affe ct past the days of old with her memories of southern hospitality and idyllic youth. Laura, the peculiar daughter, has such an extreme case of social anxiety that she rarely ventures from the house, mostly retreating into another realm with her glass collection. Tom is the more social son who also serves as narrator of the play. He prefers to use cruelty and indifference to abstract himself from the needy women in his life while using nighttime outings as a physical escape from the doldrums of life. Tom and Amanda, the two more tyrannical personalities, each have a unique way of reacting to their view of reality, and the subsequent effect of entrapment, and each attitude takes its owner in a different direction. Tom is the seemingly normal member of the highly dysfunctional Wingfield clan.He holds down a decent though boring job to care for his mother and child since their father has been long gone. But Tom longs for a much more adventurous life than the one he set uply occupies . His reality is one of bargain and frustration. When Tom tells his mother I give up all that I dream of doing and being ever it is culmination from the remorse he feels over the race his life has taken (Williams 13). He views the reality of his father leaving as his own coming into the head of the household position and that road is not intimately taken. Toms fathers absence traps Tom with a family who need him even though he longs to be anywhere but home. erst he has spoken these words, however, he promises to devalue the statement by accomplishing new goals that will hopefully release him from his mothers grip. Toms survey Ive got no thing no single thing in my life here that I can call my own shows that he feels out of control of his own life (Williams 25).The feeling that nothing is his leads him to use escapes like the movies, dance hall, and alcohol to lift his spirits by temporarily making choices by himself forhimself. The movies represent a major escape Tom uses befo re going it alone in the world. Viewing his life as an uncontrollable force causes him to attend a movie almost nightly and not return home until the early hours of the morning. He believes he is getting a glimpse into the exciting real world that he wishes to be a part of but eventually gets sick of all those glamorous people-having adventures-hogging it all, gobbling the w jamming thing up and makes the decision to move on from his demanding family into a life of journeys and exploration of the world (Williams 60). Another means of escape for Tom that pushes him to quit the Wingfield apartment is the fact that he feels not one person understands him. He tells his family Theres so much in my heart that I cant describe to you (Williams 55).The pain Tom feels in not being able to verbally articulate his thoughts flows onto paper done poetry and other writing. In doing so he is able to alleviate some pressure but still comes to the decision to move on from his family. Tom reacts to the reality of a severe mother, dull surroundings, and frustrating situations with escapes that take him out of the present and into a world filled with illusions. Amanda physically lives in the year 1937 but prefers to immerse herself in the memories from a seemingly pre-Civil War era. The abandonment of her husband eld before continues to manifest itself into self-misery for Amanda and harsh actions onto her children. Even though she uses her nostalgia as a defense mechanism it seems to only bring about bitterness about a life unlived especially when she exclaims, I could have been Mrs. Duncan J. Fitzhugh, mind you But I-I-picked your father (Williams 6). She prefers to relive her past as an escape from the present reality because it is so uncomely to her.Amanda usually uses her runaway husband as an excuse to be a recluse into the past with remarks comparing her former suitors to her current spouse but instead of these statements jolting her into a realization about the patheti c state of her life they simply continue to trap her in a cycle of unhappiness. This unhappiness causes her to thence become impatient with her children, Tom and Laura a perfect example being a time when Amanda tells Laura she has so embarrassed the family that she wanted to find a hole in the ground and hide herself (Williams 45). These are harsh words for a daughter with little self-esteem and a son with even less penury for life. It seems the only feelings she knows how to feel are ones of resentment and animosity which intelligibly rub offon both her children, although it different ways with Laura becoming emotionally weaker and Tom mentally distant. Amandas past life is not only visible in her mental state but also appears physically as well.When Laura sees her coming to the door from a womens meeting, She has on one of those cheap or imitation velvety-looking cloth coats with imitation for collar. Her hat is five or six years old and she is clutching an enormous black patent -leather pocketbook with nickel clasps and initials (Williams 46). Although its unclear what is the fashionable style for the time period, the tone in which the passage is set clearly suggests Amanda being quite behind the times. Amandas obvious wish is for a less stressful life than the one she previously occupies but her way of escaping her entrapment through daydreams and past experiences holds her back from ever achieving anything worthwhile or moving forward with her golden years.Every action taken by an individual incites a reception from either themselves or another. Tennessee Williams play The Glass Menagerie is, therefore, realistic in the way it displays the struggles of its characters, Tom and Amanda. Although each person suffers from entrapment in their daily lives, they both handle themselves in drastically different ways. Reacting to the reality they believe exists causes each characters life to take a different turn. Tom prefers to drive himself to leave his family s o as to escape his frustration while Amanda favors reliving the past to avoid the present

Childrens Friendships And Learning In School Education Essay

I have chosen a research oblige which is Children s Friendships and Learning in School cognitive Enhancement through Social Interaction? This article was written by Peter Kutnick from Education Research Centre, University of Brighton and Alison Kington from School of Education, University of Nottingham.The chief subject of this research article is cognitive arrivement. Both of the authors did the research because they wanted to look into about kids s social dealingss, whether it fire develop their mental and believing procedure or non. anyway, they in any case wanted to place the effectivity of the cognitive undertakings on kids s cognitive score.Harmonizing to Kutnick and Kington, the of import thought of this research is to reexamine the issues of classroom- base friendship couplings the pupils will disclose their humanity presentation increasingly on a cognitive undertaking than familiarity coupling. For this issue, it besides considers some factors or grounds such as g ender, age and kids s degree of ability. Besides, it is besides to place the effectivity of the classroom-based friendship couplings among the pupils. In add-on, it is besides to look into the characteristics of groom-based friendly blood expressed by immature kids.The survey was under lodge inn in the summertime term of the school twelvemonth. For the Science Reasoning Tasks ( SRTs ) , there were 72 kids from a primary school in west London carried out the undertakings. The school was obtaining from a assorted working and middle-class community, and catagorised as co-ed school. Besides, the participants were selected sociometric all toldy, chiefly with regard to friendly relationship and twelvemonth in school which is Year 1, 3 and 5. In this undertaking, the kids were given opportunities to hold their ain couplings based on their age category in school every bit good as based on their see in join forcesing. Couplings are represented friendly relationship ( versus familiarity ) , sex which are potent and distaff couplings and their age kids in Years 1, 3 and 5 in the primary school. It besides represented their ability which each brace stand foring a high, in-between and low- confirmed by the instructor estimation and based on national course of study English and Mathematics criterions.In this article, the positive effects of friendly relationship on cognitive development are presented by two theoretical attacks. First is from Piagetian position. Doise & A Mugny ( 1971 ) and Perret-Clermont ( 1984 ) , stated that the mutualness of equals working together on a common rail line get outs them to decide differences between their positions, which enhances the cognitive apprehension of each kid ( whether through cognitive struggle, taging or some other societal procedures ) . In add-on, Piaget, 1932 asserted that mutualness is pretended to take topographic point in concerted relationships. In short, based on above, we can reason that different pupil s have different thoughts and sentiments, so when this happened, they will discourse it together among themselves. For illustration, they may inquire inquiries like why you province the thought? and how this thought is related to the undertaking? Therefore, this struggle will assist them to repair their cognitive degree.The 2nd theory is from Vygotsky. Harmonizing to Kutnick ( 2005 ) , Vygotsky accepted that interpersonal relationships are necessary for the development of new cognition and accomplishments, and that it is selection relationships ( that integrate positions with trust and support ) that tolerate the scaffold for cognitive sweetening . Briefly, quality relationship is the chief support for cognitive sweetening.Qualitative and quantitative methods were used by Kutnick and Kington in this research. For quantitative method, it refer quasi-experimental design. The intents of the design are to measure mated public presentation on SRTs every bit good as to compare t heir public presentation based on friendly relationship and familiarity, gender and ability. Besides that, cognitive undertaking was involved in this research. To promote pupils engagement, the undertaking has to be hard to analyze, understand or work out. It besides mustiness let the spouses to take a assortment of point of position and show the undertakings as a job. Furthermore, the undertakings must upon scientific contain undertakings because as said by Howe & A Tolmic ( 2003 ) , they involve concluding in a figure of cognitive countries ( e.g. substance, measure, proportionality ) . NFER ( 1979 ) besides stated that Age withdraw undertakings were selected and piloted from the Bankss of SRTs for the three Old ages degrees . Actual undertakings used in this survey included SRT1 ( anticipation of H2O degree in a atilt jar perspective-based brief and anticipation of way of a plumb line in a container when tilted ) and SRT2 ( volume and weightiness, preservation of affa ir, and drifting and droping ) .For qualitative method, it involved interview which had through with(p) after pupils completed the undertakings separately. The interview was focused on activities the pupils involved with friends and illustrations of the activities that they shared inside and outside school. During the interview, there were some inquiries that had been asked to them. The inquiries included the qualities of best friends, schoolroom and school activities undertaken with friends and activities undertaken with friends outside the school.The findings or the consequences of the survey see the paired and single degrees. So, for the mated consequence, it was found that the highest SRTs degree was performed by miss s friendship couplings. Boys friendly relationship coupling performed at the lowest degree, while mid-SRTs degrees are shown by both male childs and girl familiarity couplings. These findings were consistent across Year degrees and ability degrees. For the intervi ews, it revealed that male and female friendly relationship braces were likely to take part in different types of activity, with misss being school-inclusive and boys being school-exclusive.However, there was some statement on modern literature sing to kids s public presentation on cognitive undertakings. Harmonizing to Galton et Al ( 2003 ) , public presentation in this activity will necessitate choice relationships between students. This besides taking some researches to reason that friendly relationship congregationing ( partner offing kids ) should be used more often deep down schoolrooms. In contrast, reappraisals of the friendly relationship literature besides identify that friendly relationship is non a unitary construct that there are developmental and relational fluctuations of friendly relationship, and that the look of friendship activities may be modified through culture- particularly gendered activity within civilizations.Wells define cognitive development as the b uilding of idea procedures, including memory, job resolution, and decision- fashioning, from childhood through adolescence to maturity. Based on the research article, cognitive development of the pupils can be improved by societal fundamental interaction. The findings are applicable and utile for the instructors to use in the instruction and lesson in the schoolroom so that it will hike the pupils involvement in larning.For friendship-based couplings and groupings, it gives many benefits to the pupils when making undertakings. Basically, pupils are more prefer to hold brace work with friends that they are closed to. This is because they already know each other better and do non experience embarrass or shame to portion their ideas and thoughts when interact with them. They besides will take part more actively during the interaction and bask making the undertakings together. Teachers can evidently detect that they will hold better products compared to the familiarity couplings. How ever, instructors should non allow pupils to merely make the undertakings based on friendly relationship and with the same individual all the clip. Teachers may exchange the couplings for every undertaking. The intent of making this is really to allow the pupils get to cognize other pupils in the schoolroom better, besides to further their relationships. So, when instructors do this often, they increasingly will acquire used to each other and will be able to work with another individual, even though they are non intimate.Besides that, when carry oning brace work, instructors should see pupils ability degree low, in-between and high. Teachers should non clothe pupils with the same ability together when making brace work undertaking. For illustration, do non allow low ability pupils working together because they are slow scholars. Teachers may detect that they will experience demotivated, will be left behind and the merchandise of the work is less quality when compared to the high ability couplings. Next, instructors may gain that the low ability couplings have lower public presentation when making undertaking. Conversely, if instructors put the pupils with different abilities together in a group, the high ability pupils will move as coachs which help the low ability pupils to understand the undertakings given. So, when they explain and prove the undertakings together, the low ability pupils will experience comfy to inquire any inquiries together. Therefore, instructors should place pupils ability, so that they can carry on sound instruction and skill in order to heighten pupils cognitive development.Teachers excessively should promote their pupils to unite and mix with different sex during the couplings and groupings. It is good to unite male childs and misss for a undertaking, since male childs and misss have different degree of thought. Basically, misss are more industrious and more serious in their surveies compared to male childs who are more playful and do non real concentrate in their surveies. When teacher blend them, male childs will be influenced by the misss properties and because of that, they are able to concentrate on their surveies alternatively of playing games or making unwanted things during the lessons. Furthermore, when they work together, they will derive each others cognition as male childs are excel in Mathematicss and Science topics compared to misss who are better in reading and composing competence particularly in linguistic communication topics. Hence, this will better pupils cognitive development.Besides concerted science is other manner of learning attacks which helps to heighten pupils cognitive development. It can be defined as attacks to larning ( and learning ) which emphasise interaction between pupils and which foster concerted set ( John, 1995 ) . There are some illustrations of collaborating larning activities like saber saw, equal tutoring, brainstorming, function drama and job work outin g which requires the pupils to construct up cooperation through group functions. Woolfolk ( cited in Webb & A Palinesar ( 1996 ) ) stated that concerted acquisition is state of affairss where amplification, reading, account and debate are built-in to the activity of the group and where acquisition is supported by other persons. When instructors apply this, it will advance concerted values and aid pupils to better their cognitive development. This besides helps the pupils to develop their positive attitudes and better their accomplishment in academic field. After completing the activities, there must be a follow up activity which reflects on what pupils have learnt. Besides, instructors might put them undertakings to be done in category or as cooking. Capuzzi ( 2006 ) , asserted that This may assist group members integrate acquisition and develop positions for the hereafter when finishing prep given by instructors after the group ends.As instructors, to guarantee that both pair work and group work activities are effectual to the pupils in the acquisition, instructors must play their function as facilitator. Teachers merely give expressed instructions to them before get downing their couplings or groupings. Teachers must non spoon-feed them excessively, but allow them responsible for their ain acquisition, so that they will go independent scholar and pattern student-centered acquisition manner. Capuzzi ( cited in Kelman ( 1963 ) ) proposed that group work assisting members to get the better of feelings of isolation, develop swear for increased accommodation, learn to accept duty, develop new relationship accomplishments and heighten committedness to alter.In add-on, during the undertakings or activities, instructors have to supply inquiries or undertakings that can develop pupils to react right every bit good as which can ease pupils cognitive development. The inquiries besides must hold different degree of flurry which can dispute their thought. When pupils are instructed to happen the replies, they will discourse the inquiries and interact by reasoning their ain thoughts to happen the right replies. So, when pupils are actively take parting in the undertakings, they will portion the pre-requisite cognition among them and at the same clip construct up their cognition. There will be collaborative acquisition and concerted interactions between the pupils excessively.As a decision, cognitive development engages the pupils in the procedure of deriving information. It besides requires pupils to collaborate and interact each others to happen solutions to jobs. These cooperation and interaction will do the pupils to bask larning and they will look frontward to larning the topic. Besides, they will increasingly better in their academic public presentation and they will go originative and critical pupils. For instructors, their instructions will be effectual and this will make enthusiasm for learning the pupils. In add-on, it will hike i nstructors self-pride because effectual instruction takes topographic point in the schoolroom.

The Misunderstanding of Internet Freedom

The Misunderstanding of Internet Freedom The public governance has been a signifi tin cant part of every system. plurality as citizens always discuss their opinions with each other. In accordance with the system which they argon ruled, their discussions agree an effect on the rules and regulations of the government. In current societies which embrace majority rule as management system, the influence of public determination is predominant. As it is mentioned above sharing and declaring public decision is the milestone of governance in such(prenominal) societies.Therefore, the to a greater extent advanced ways people have to communicate, the more they can conduct to the improvement of democracy. If it is compared with the past, people have faster, cheaper and much more effective communication tools in order to exchange and spread their ideas. The Internet and new communication technologies enhance democracy by making any kind of tuition accessible and by providing people with rapi d and cheap communication. The Internet enables the improvement of democracy because it gives people the opportunity to be aware of current issues. It offers a wide range of information to everyone regardless of their status.People who are interested in a topic can access plenty of data about what they are looking for. It is not any longer the case that people have to delve into books in libraries in order to find a useful resource which contains relevant information. People already have a well-organized library which searches and introduces them to the most appropriate information on their subjects The Internet. In addition to individuals, many non-governmental organizations and any other social groups that share common ideas can publish their arguments and spread them across the world.For example, human rights organizations use the Internet to advocate their arguments. L. Pal reveals that the international human rights movement has grown hugely since the 1950s when rough 38 non- go0vernmental organizations were identifiable, to around 14,500 by 1994 (qtd. Brophy and Halpin 353). The new ICTs (information and communication technologies) and the Internet provide people with advanced opportunity to declare their opinions and to contribute to democracy.To illustrate, (International Center for Human Rights and parliamentary Development) ICHRDD started to use pickronic publications and participated in the PeaceNet Human Rights gopher service that retrieve important data published by other organizations (354). The information becomes accessible to either concerned workers and volunteers so that they will be more sophisticated in their fights and they are able to defend their arguments. (Brophy and Halpin 356). The new information communication technologies (ICTs) and the Internet contribute to development of democracy because they facilitate communication with rapid and cheap tools such as e-mails.It is stated by Brophy and Halpin that Electronic communications and networking cut by the barriers of measure and distance, facilitating the finding of information in a way previously impossible. (353). Likewise to the authors statement, instead of costly phone c totallys or even more incommodious impudence to face meetings, electronic communications enable people to communicate or exchange their ideas in a rapid way whether they are at the blow sides of the world. ICTs help citizens to contribute to democracy because they make mobilization of people more effective and cheaply.They also provide circulation of information through networks, and they strengthen NGOs so that qualification of governmental agencies is limited (Brophy and Halpin 354). As it is mentioned above, ICTs enhance contributions of citizens to democracy because they transform people into aware, active and investigative elements of democracy. They enable people to discuss and question conviction, and come up with new perspectives and creative resolutions. Inherently, ther e are people who deny the contribution of the Internet freedom to democracy.It is also argued that the Internet makes things worse in terms of liberalization. Evgeny Morozov who is an technical on interaction of digital technologies and democracy believes that authoritarian governments hinder democracy from developing by censoring the Internet or attacking web-sites (1). Besides, there are some governments that censor web-sites which advocate child abuse, cyber-crimes, and terrorism (Ash 8). They also legally or illegally gain access to e-mail account, spy on searches and so on (Ash 7).These examples might seem to be assaults on privacy or obstacles to the improvement of democracy. But your privacy is not more important than the welfare of your unsophisticated and children. You cannot jeopardize your republic and children while some terrorists threaten benefits, security, and economy of your country or pedophiles abuse your children physically or psychologically. It should be pre ferred to protect your country and your children to your privacy. As a result, it is legitimate and reasonable to block websites like this.Besides, the reliability of governments is controversial. Everybody might not be satisfied about governments implementations. However, the ones who elect the government are the majority of society. People are given the right to choose the people who will govern them. Of course, they can question the practices and submit their thoughts through NGOs and so on. But they should also be respectful to the will of the public. In conclusion, the role of public in governance is significant in all modern democracies.The more people declare their thoughts the more they can contribute to democracy. With the developing technologies and the Internet, people are more likely to communicate, exchange ideas and search for what they need. New ICTs such as e-mails and electronic documents enable people to enhance democracy. On the other hand, in order to prevent ill egitimate censoring and regulations by governments, we should implement all laws in the online world as well. Finally, we should use our right to elect cleverly and declare our views through NGOs in an appropriate way.References Ash, Timothy Garton. Internet Freedom. freespeechdebate. com. N. D. Web. October 2012. Brophy, Peter, and Edward Halpin. by means of the Net to freedom information, the Internet and human rights. jis. sagepub. com. Journal of Information Science. 24 March 1999. Web. October 2012. Morozov, Evgeny, and Joanne J. Myers. The Net Delusion The dark side of Internet freedom. Carnegiecouncil. org. Carnegie Council for ethics in International Affairs. 25 January 2011. Web. October 2012.

The Scarlet Letter: Pearls Impact on Main Themes

Pearls Impact on the Main Themes In The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Pearl is a bastard child living in Boston during the 1600s. Although she is the youngest character, she is arguably the most important because she emphasizes the main points in the story indirectly through her observations and questions. Two of the main points are that the ruby-red letter represents darkness and that sin is an inevitable part of life. Through verboten most of the book, all the townspeople and even her own daughter, Pearl, associates the reddish letter as a symbol of adultery, which is a sin.During their walk in the forest, Pearl makes several comments that reveal her opinions on the impact of the scarlet letter in her mothers life. Firstly, she points out that the sunshine does not love her mother and when it sees her, the sunshine runs and hides itself due to the occurrence that it is afraid of something on her bosom (Hawthorne 220). In this context, the sunshine refers to the innocen ce and the pureness of oneself which is the opposite of the scarlet letter, which represents sin.Because Hester pull adultery and is forced to wear the scarlet letter, the sunshine does not shine upon her because she is neither pure nor bare. Additionally, the sunshine is besides a representation of the community, because they too run for to ostracize her for the same exact reason. Since the sunshine and the scarlet letter are two polar opposites, they tend to avoid each other. In contrast, Pearl realizes that she is a child and since she does not wear anything on her bosom, then the sunshine provide not flee from her (Hawthorne 221).Pearl indirectly makes the connection that the scarlet letter is a negative symbol, due to the fact that sunshine tries to avoid her mother, who wears it all the time. Conversely, due to the fact that she is a child and does not bear the sinful meaning of the scarlet letter on her bosom, the sunshine welcomes her under its rays. Even from a very yo ung age, Pearl understands that the scarlet letter dictates her mother in every way. She also understands that it is a symbol of sin and nothing good can amount to it since sinful people are often ignored.Similarly to the point mentioned above, Pearl again, indirectly finds out that sin is a part of growing up. After making the association that the scarlet letter is a sinful thing, she tells her mother that she does not wear the scarlet letter yet. Hester responds to Pearl and says that she hopefully never will. Pearl is confused, and proceeds to ask her mother if the scarlet letter will not come of its own concur when she is woman grown (Hawthorne 221). The confusion among the young character reveals that she believes that her mother represents all the women in the community.By that, Pearl essentially believes that it is only natural that all people will eventually become sinful and bear the scarlet letter to represent it. It is a valid point but, Hester does not tell her whether shes correct with the assumption. Instead, Hester avoids the national and tells Pearl to runawayand catch the sunshine It will soon be gone (Hawthorne 221). Hesters response can be interpreted in some(prenominal) a literal and figurative way. The literal response is telling her daughter to run and play before its starts getting dark. The figurative meaning is much to a greater extent complex.In the paragraph above, sunshine has already been identified as ones pureness and innocence. When Hester tells her daughter that the sunshine is receding and advises Pearl to catch it while she still can, she is emphasizing the fact that sin is a part of life. Like the rotation of the sun, there comes a time in the day where it sets and all becomes dark. Pearl is currently pure and innocent because she is in the sunlight. However, her mother warns her that the sunlight is not going to be present forever and once it gets dark, she too will be sinful.The combined information about(predicate) Pea rls assumption and Hesters figurative response to her daughter reveals to the reader that sin is an inevitable part of life. Pearl, being the youngest character, does not have the due date to understand the complex world around her. However, her indirect observations and questions highlight the main points in the story. In this case, a few lines of her interaction with her mother reveals that her mothers scarlet letter is a representation of sin and that sin is an inevitable part of life, which Hawthorne feels very strongly about.

General Muslim Religion Essay

Islam is the worlds second great monotheistic worship (Armstrong, 2002). Islam, an Arabic word, comes from a root word meaning commitment or surrgoaler hence the foundation of Islam is abidance to the will of the Only God, Allah. The word Muslim also itself means one who lives his life according to Allahs will (Esposito, 2002). Allah also has laid down the five pillars of foundations of Islam which ar 1. Confession of faith (shahada) the basic head of Islam which is submission to Allahs will 2. Prayer (salat) An exercise done five times daily to take to be Allahs influence in a Muslims life3. Fasting (Roza) In the month of Ramadan for a month 4. Almsgiving (Zakat) Annu all in ally by rich Muslims at the rate of 21/2% of wealth 5. Pilgrimage (hajj) Once in a lifetime What holidays or events atomic number 18 important to your religion and why? The Muslims follow the Islamic calendar which is based on the position of the moon and their holidays fall accordingly to it. This inclu des 1. New Year which for them is the first-year day of Hijra (migration) when we celebrate Prophet Muhammads departure from Mecca to Medina in AD622 2. twelfth Rabi-ul-awwal that is the birthday of the sanctified Prophet (PBUH)3. Shab-e-Baraat (night of forgiveness) In preparation of Ramadan, Muslims seek to forgive old grievances over against each realizeer(a) and beg for mercy from their Lord 4. Lailat-ul-Qadr (night of power) when the Holy Quran was revealed to the Holy Prophet. It takes home base on the 27th of Ramadan. 5. Eid-ul-Fitr which takes place after Ramadan and is like Christmas to the Muslims 6. Hajj The pilgrimage which constitutes the fifth pillar of Islam is one of the most important events in the Muslim calendar and takes place in the month of Hajj 7.Eid-ul-Azha Another Christmas type celebration which celebrates the end of the Mec give the gate pilgrimage and animal kick ins are made during the three days How does your group handle conflict? What are some e xamples of conflict? If there are criminal or family conflicts, they can be resolved done Islamic courts which decide the cases according to sharia or the Islamic law. These are practiced in near al Muslim countries though such Shariah courts are disallowed in western countries and over there Muslims must follow the law of the country they are residents of.One of Britains MPs recently suggested that Shariah courts be allowed in Britain also but this created uproar by non-Muslims who were afraid of Islamization. other then that, if the root word of an issue is not mentioned in the Quran or its explanation is murky, knowledgeable Islamic scholars gather together to find an answer to a certain problem and it then becomes a rule of the Shariah. This practice has been cocksure by Allah to keep Islam updated with emerging problems in this fast changing world. What is the focus of your religion? The focus of Islam for Muslims is again submission to Allahs will.This can be done thro ugh reading, understanding and following the word of God, which Muslims remember to be the Holy Quran. They should also follow the teachings of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) called the Sunnah and only then can they live the life of a true and complete Muslim. For the Western world though, the focus of Islam has always been its fascist beliefs and what they consider to be its outdated traditions, not understanding that there is only a minority of Muslims who tinct the name of Islam by interpreting it so harshly. Who are your current leaders? Who are leaders of the by?Like most religions, Muslims have also had pious men of God lead them by example. in that location have been a total of 124000 prophets send by Allah though the Quran only mentions 25 of them. The first prophet was Hazrat Adam and the final and undoubtedly the greatest prophet was our last prophet, Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). Allah revealed in the Quran that no to a greater extent prophets shall come after the Holy Prophet (P BUH). After the prophets, came numerous Caliphs or religious leaders. Currently, tortuous there are learned Islamic scholars in the Muslim world there are no leader as such.The Holy Prophet (PBUH) in the words of Allah was the Seal of the Prophets. How do your members participate and what is judge? All Muslim males are unavoidable to congregate in a mosque for the five daily prayers, specially the afternoon Friday prayers (Clark, 2003). For Muslim women, assembly in mosques is not mandatory. Other then that, all Muslims are required to uphold the basic principles of Islam by fulfilling all their obligations. atomic number 18 there any special requirements, such as fasting, personal sacrifice? Fasting is the third pillar of Islam and without fasting, a Muslim is incomplete.It is prescribed for Muslims in the form of a month long abstinence from food and drink, accompanied by intense devotional activity. animal(prenominal) relations and swear words are also prohibited to be perf ormed or uttered. Similarly, smoking, losing temper, telling lies and all negative activities are also discouraged. Fasting, as is made clear by Allah, is not to be interpreted as self torture but mainly a way for Muslims to learn about patience, fortitude and self sacrifice and also to realize the plight of the needy and poor. During Eid-ul-Azha, Muslims are also required to sacrifice goats in Gods way and share the meat with the poor.Where do you see your religion in 25 years? What changes have occurred recently? Keeping in mind the fast exploitation popularity of Islam, I see Islam in 25 years, as the worlds largest religion. This is because as the concept of religion is destruction in the west and more churches are being converted to museums and restaurants, Muslims, now more than ever are embracing their faith with a greater fervency and non-Muslims are also converting to Islam which they accept as a complete way of life and not just a religion. Muslims have now grown more re ceptive to Western ideas and Ijtehad or consensus helps keep Islam updated with the modern world.How has the modern world changed the direction and or performance of your religion? The recent of War on Terror, which often tends to depict Islam as a rigid and radical religion has resulted in more Muslims delving deeper to understand their religion (Lewis, 2004). This has led to increased knowledge of Islam and a growing number of Muslims defending their faith as actually a very flexible one. My religions name has been besmirched by a few misguided individuals who believe suicide bombings and terrorist activities are completely delicious in the eyes of God which is not at all the case.Islams very basis is peace. Are there any other validated forms of the religion practiced? What are some of the factors that have contributed to changes in ideas or customs? The Muslim sect is predominantly divided into Sunnis ( more or less 80%) and Shiahs. The major difference in the midst of them i s the way in which divine guidance is discovered. Sunni Muslims take their stand on the consensus of the community making cognise the Sunna (Holy Prophets example) of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Shiah Muslims look instead to inspired teachers and Imams who are descendents of the Holy Prophet (PBUH).Other sects include the Aghakhanis who are followers of the Aga Khan who considers himself a spiritual leader sent by God. His followers believe the five pillars of Islam to be non-mandatory, preferring to give charity to the poor instead. They dont share the Muslim taboo associated with drinking. Many believe theses changes have occurred due to undue influence of the West. Other sects are the Qadianis and Bohris. Conclusion Muslims all over the world follows a religion known as Islam which is a monotheistic religion. The word Islam means to submit oneself to god.There are almost 2 billion Muslims around the world practicing the teaching of Islam making it the second largest religion of the world. The follows the teachings of Prophet Mohammad on whom a holy obligate Quran was revealed. The faith of a Muslim is based on five pillars of Islam that are tauheed, salaat, zakat, hajj, and fasting. References Book Armstrong. (2002). Islam A Short History. Esposito, J. L. (2002). What everyone needs to Know about Islam. Clark. (2003). Islam for Dummies. Lewis. (2004). The Crisis of Islam.

Happy the Man

Happy The Man by John Dryden John Dryden was born on 9 August in 1631 in a micro town in Northamptonshire, England, the eldest of 14 children, was an influential English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright who dominated the literary life of Restoration England to such a point that the period came to be known in literary circles as the Age of Dryden. Walter Scott c aloneed him Glorious John. 1 He was made Poet Laureate in 1668. As a humanistic public school, Westminster maintained a curriculum which trained pupils in the art of rhetoric and the presentation of arguments for twain sides of a given issue.This is a skill which would remain with Dryden and influence his later writing and thinking, as untold of it displays these dialectical patterns. The Westminster curriculum also included weekly translation assignments which developed Drydens capacity for assimilation. This was also to be exhibited in his later works. In 1650 Dryden went up to Trinity College, Cambridg e.. Dryden died on April 30, 1700. Happy the Man is distill in its brevity in defining happiness. Its a short poem as compared to some(prenominal) of the larger writings of Glorious John, as Walter Scott c in alled him.Yet, it encompasses some eternal truths for personal happiness. What a fantastic nisus Not Heaven itself upon the past has powerhow many people spend valuable time worrying, regretting, fretting and regard they could change the past? The things youve done or failed to do already cant be changed, just now the next is yours to shape. John Dryden is trying to explain that his life has been lived and he is clever with what he has done all his life and evn if there are somethings in his past he cannot change and even if the future isnt so good he is still happy ,he did everything .Everything he has done he had enjoyed and he is still enjoying to this day . He is happy . I have had my hour ,means he has lived his life . counterfeit toward living each day to the full est and owning your disappointments and failures as much as your successes fill the unforgiving minute with cardinal seconds worth of distance run, for a life that wont leave you thinking only more or less the past, but rather always pushing on toward a brighter future. Notice how all of the end-of-couplet rhymes are end-stopped. Notice, in addition that, how all of the lines are end-stopped.Compare this to Thomas Middletons Verse of just a generation or so before. They make Middleton look like an Allen Ginsberg. Notice also, especially with Dryden, how you can extract any one of his couplets and they will more or less make a complete syntactical unit. One tender respire of hers to see me languish, Will more than pay the price of my past anguish The verse is regular iambic Pentameter with some variant, trochaic stolon feet. Dont be fooled by the following line, which some mightiness read as follows I can die with her, but not live without herHeres how Dryden means us to read it I can die with her, but not live without her When variant poetry, especially, from this period, always try to read with the meter. The last thing to notice about Drydens poem is that, scorn the tightly laced poetry, this poem is about sex, sex, sex. The meter itself Every single line ending is a feminine ending a sort of metrical double entendre. Every rhyme of the poem is a feminine rhyme (otherwise known as a multiple rhyme) en-deavor/leave her please us/ impound us. It is chalk full of pornographic double-entendres.Dont be fooled by the straight-laced formality of the poetry from this period. rough of the most depraved, erotic and sexual poetry ever written comes from this period. Dryden use of tone in the first stanza tricks the reader into believing that the essence of the poem is about his love for his girlfriend or maybe his wife but it is much deeper than that. The last line of that stanza goes into what is to come of the nature of the poem. Furthermore the sec ond stanza when considering the word customs further conveys the real theme.So whats the theme or the subject. line 7 Beware, O cruel fair how you smiling on me. The occasion in stanza one begins with the attraction he has with this woman then in stanza devil it develops into the moment he has with this woman. This is noted by the use of line1,2,3 Love has in store for me one happy minute, Then no day void of bliss, or pleasure leaving, Ages shall slide by without perceiving. One Happy Moment by John Dryden because it exemplify the emotions felt by the loudspeaker system, yet at the same time it views and feelings on the . Their situations and settings were that he was losing their lovers and feeling the agony of the moment. In both poems the speaker is hag-ridden at the prospect I can die with her, but not live without her. (Dryden, Line 4)The speaker then comes to the conclusion that the only way to avoid the issue is a solution unfavored by all I cannot live with you-it w ould be life. . . , I could not die-with you. . . (Dickinson, Lines 1-2, 13) In Dickinsons case it is necessary, in Drydens case it is the only choice left.

First time in a barber shop Essay

If youve never been to a neaten shop before, the experience quite a little be quite polar from a hair beauty parlour or a discount haircut chain. Unlike more upscale hair salons, most barber shops bear quality haircuts at affordable prices usually, you can plan to pay somewhere around $10-$15 for a haircut (give or take a few dollars, depending on the locale). While most salons and haircut chains do not offer facial shaves, many barber shops routinely offer shaves, often including warm lather and sometimes a hot face towel.A few barber shops may request that you make an duty assignment before you visit, but most shops operate on a first-come, first-served basis. When you enter a first-come, first-served shop, take tonicity of who was already tarrying leading of you, and keep a mental note of your place in the rescript as new people enter, so youll know when it is your turn. (Newer shops may use sign-in lists to minimize confusion. ) It is customary when youve entered an una cquainted(predicate) shop to take the next available barber when your turn has come up.However, once you have ceremonious a relationship with a divorceicular barber in a shop, it is perfectly acceptable to wait for that barber when your turn comes up. For example, if it is your turn to get a cut, but your favorite barber, Sam, is still cutting other guys hair, you can simply say, Im going to wait for Sam. Unless someone else who was ahead of you is also waiting for Sam, youll be next in his chair. Once seated in his or her chair, your barber will ask a few questions about how you would like your hair cut, at least until get to know your preferences and means.He or she may ask when your last haircut was, whether you wish to simply trim the style you currently have, whether you would like a blocked or tapered neckline (details below), if you would like your sideburns trimmed, if you would like a part in your hair, if you want your neck shaved, if you would like your beard trimme d, if youd like a full shave, and so on. If you request a precise short cut, your barber may ask if you know the clipper web number that you prefer.Keep in mind that different clipper manufacturers may use slightly different numbering systems for their blades and attachments (more on clippers below). If you have a particular(prenominal), traditional style in mind (such as a crew cut or a butch), feel free to request it, but understand that these styles can be interpreted slightly differently from barber to barber. It may be wise to describe specific details you are looking for until you and your barber become more familiar with one another. Unless your hair is very dirty, most barbers will not shampoo your hair before cutting.Depending on the preference of the barber, he or she may use clippers or shears (haircutting scissors) to cut your hair one is not necessarily check than the other, as they are both means to an end. Your barber may use warm lather and a straight razor to cl ean up the outlines of your cut around the ears and neck. Payment is usually given instanter to the barber who cut your hair at the end of the cut, and tipping is customary (between 15-20% is appropriate for most areas of the country).

Effects of Divorce on Children Essay

Although break is straight allowed by law in nigh countries, it is silence unhealthy for a family especially in the presence of a barbarian. Due to the fact that they be still young, the youngsterren often do not understand why some couples need to separate and they respond in a variety of ship dash that p atomic number 18nts should understand and deal with. When the fall apart is settled, the children business leader wonder why their father or their mother is no daylong rough and this might be quite hard to explain to a young mind.This produces short and long term do on the children and even sometimes causes teenageragers to rebel against their parents causing much problems than there already is. Another love regarding children and divide is who will feature custody of the children and alimony. Usually, the mother gets custody over the children while the father still provides fiscal bread and butter. Depending on the situation, the custody is being granted to the father. One problem to the highest degree disunite is that couples venture that the matter is only between them failing to consider what effect it would gather in on their children.Little do they know that the changes that will occur once the disunite takes effect will lease galore(postnominal) ban effects on children. In a case to case basis, children might feel different because of the numerous changes that will take place once the come apart becomes effective such(prenominal) as changes in schedules and unremarkable routines as rise loss of contact with members of extended family (Parker). Children may as well as develop a headache that losing one parent will eventually lead to the lost of the other. The loss of attachment of a child to a parent may too lead to the loss of other secure relationships such as friends, siblings, neighbors and even pets.Children also, more(prenominal) often than not, are attached to their surroundings and disunite sometimes mean p itiful out or migrating which could prove unhealthy for the wellbeing of a child. A parent also has a mark to create a dis-attachment between the child and the other parent which could prove to be a major predicament in the psychological health of the child (Parker). Many children tend to think that they are somehow the reason why their parents want to get disassociated. Children often remember rough times that they had with their parents such as tunes, poor grades, getting into trouble, vices, etc.They start to think that the conflict came from them and they start to blame themselves. If this is the case, the parents should quarter clear that they are not responsible for the conflict and that both of the parents still love them. Explaining custody arrangements would also prove better to prepare the child and for a better understanding (Clandos). In some cases children filter to bring their parents back together by either acting out in negative ways or trying so genuine so tha t his/her parents would think twice and reconsider about act the divorce (Parker).As a reaction to a divorce, children especially teenagers show aggressive and defiant behavior. A problem here is that parents usually think that this is the normal behavior of the children instead of a reaction to problem. Parents should be keen observers and must be able to identify if the behavior is still normal. In such cases, children also show depression and parents must watch out for this kind of reactions (Parker). In one study, it has been proven that children acquit adapted to their parents divorce and have emerged as successful individuals.According to Constance Ahrons, the author of Were Still Family What gravid Children Have to Say About Their Parents Divorce, although they are now adults, children who belonged in families that divorced emerged stronger and wiser having coped with difficult times and experienced stressful family changes. The research indicated that 79 part feel that t heir parents decision to have divorce proved to be a intelligent one. On the other hand, according to David Blankenhorn, founder of the Institute for American Values, a good divorce is not nearly as important as having less divorce.No matter how good your divorce is, it is still a very painful experience for your child (Peterson). Many children who have great(p) up may have coped with the effects of divorce merely still, a good number of children were abnormal and were not able to cope with it. It has been proven that children from divorced families are usually victims of abuse and exhibit more health, behavioral and excited problems compared to children from intact families. Data also indicate that children from divorced families have more promising been associated with drugs, crime and even self-annihilation (Fagan).According to a survey conducted by the Department of Health and humankind Services, National Center for Health Statistics, fatherless children show a much grea ter risk of committing suicide while another study indicated that three out of four teenage suicide cases are from families where a parent is absent. Moreover, another study by Kalter and Rembar indicated from a sample of 144 children and adolescents that 63 percentage showed indispensable psychological problems such as anxiety, sadness, moodiness, phobias and depression while 56 percent had poor grades.Another 43 percent showed aggressive behavior towards their parents (Fatherless Homes Statistics). Children from divorced couples have been famous to perform poorly in pedantic subjects such as reading, spelling and math. They have also been identified to have higher drop-out place and more often repeat a grade. It was also indicated that these children have a less likelihood of graduating from college. It was also noted that families that have gone through a divorce have experienced a 50 percent drop in their income levels resulting in poverty.Divorce also resulted in less gho stly worship which is associated with many a(prenominal) positive outcomes such as better health, longer weddings and improved family life (Fagan). Divorce also affects the versed behavior of children. Children from divorced families start to drive premarital sex and divorce. The National Longitudinal Survey of early days indicated that AfricanAmerican girls are 42 percent less likely to have sexual talk before age 18 if their biological father is present at home.For HispanicAmerican girls, the stepfathers presence increases the likelihood of sexual intercourse before age 18 by 72 percent (Fagan). Robert Sampson, a professor of sociology at the University of Chicago, discovered that divorce rate is connected to the robbery rate in 171 cities in the United produces that have a population of at least 100,000. Lower rate of divorce meant higher social control which in turn also results in lower crime rate. there is also a c overlook line relating child abuse and crime rates.Hig her divorce rates result in higher rates of child abuse but instead of curbing child abuse, re jointure only adds to it. Having a stepfather would most likely increase child abuse and data indicate that flagitious cases of abuse is much higher for stepchildren compared to children from whole families (Fagan). Likewise, a study by Kalter indicates that teenage and adult fe manfuls that have been exposed to parental divorce resulted in lower self-esteem, heightened sexual activity, delinquent behavior and are unable to maintain a lasting heterosexual relationship.It was also stated that girls who grew without interaction from a father mazed out on a key element. The continuous sense of being valued and loved as a female seems an especially key element in the development of the conviction that one is thus femininely lovable. Without this regular source of nourishment, a girls sense of being valued as a female does not seem to thrive (Fatherless Homes Statistics). Children may suffe r traumatic experiences in cases of divorce but steps can be taken to reduce these kinds of effects that divorce has on children.These steps are the following (1) be honest for the potential of emotional trauma on each of your kids (2) allow your children to spend openly (3) offer your children choices, whenever possible, to increase their sense of power over their lives (4) find jump out for yourself and your children and (5) provide continuity (Clandos). It is, likewise advised not to expose the children to any marital conflict. Talking about the spouses negative behavior should also be avoided while developing amicable relationship with the spouse is advisable for the sake of the children.Taking care of ones self will also help children adjust to the changes caused by the divorce. Moreover, discussing the separation with the children would also be helpful but one must always be mindful because what one says might affect the outlook of the child in a negative way (Clandos). several(prenominal) changes in behavior may be observed from children that have been affected by the separation. Some children who are most of the time jolly and playful may become moody and may lose self-esteem. Sadness and moodiness may become excessive at times.Children also sometimes develop a forethought of clinginess and may show anger outbursts (Clandos). Teen marriage account for a good percentage of divorce cases. Early marriages have been considered more unstable because of different factors such as the inability to support a family because of the absence of a good paying job having not finished college. It is estimated that one half of teen marriages with women ranging from 18 to 19 geezerhood of age result in divorce within 15 years time although the rate of divorce for women over 20 is also particularly high at around 33 percent.In cases of out-of -wedlock pregnancies, joining before giving birth will increase paternal support because the male partner would have bett er access to the child and may provide better financial support even if there is a high risk that the marriage will result in an divorce (Seiler, 7). According to data from the National Center for Health Statistics, over time, the rate of divorce per 100 marriages have increased from three in 1870 to 30 in 1945 and 51 in 1998 (Fagan).Half of the marriages in the US end in divorce and from this data, one may state that people now no longer consider marriage as a strong binding force for a couple. Marriage now no longer provides a perception that it is permanent. Marriage is also no longer considered as a life-changing decision because of the availability of divorce. Dating games such as The Bachelor which sometimes end in marriage is proof enough that people no longer take marriage seriously. A divorce is caused by many factors such as common misunderstandings, financial difficulties, adultery, vices, and other irreconcilable differences.Many couples experience financial difficulties and this is one cause of divorce but prior to what most believe, financial problems are not the snuff it cause of divorce. It only ranks fourth or fifth next to other factors that produce higher divorce rates, namely, incompatibility, need of emotional support, abuse and sexual problems. According to Jan Andersen, associate professor at California State University in Sacramento, only 5 percent of divorce cases are caused by a couples financial difficulties (Weston).Other usual causes of divorce aside from financial problems are lack of commitment to the marriage, lack of communication between spouses, infidelity, abandonment, alcohol addiction, substance abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, inability to manage or resolve conflict, personality differences or irreconcilable differences,differences in personal and career goals, different expectations about theater tasks,different expectations about having or rearing children, interference from parents or in-laws, l ack of maturity, intellectual incompatibility, sexual incompatibility, insistence of sticking to traditional roles and not allowing room for personal growth, falling out of love, religious conversion or religious beliefs, cultural and lifestyle differences, inability to deal with each others petty idiosyncrasies, mental dissymmetry or mental illness, criminal behavior and incarceration for crime (Panse). Even if many countries legally accept divorce, there are still some countries that do not approve of divorce and most of these countries are against divorce because of religious beliefs. In biblical texts, adultery is often mentioned but nothing is clearly mentioned about divorce. Even theology scholars and pastors do not share the same views regarding biblical teachings about divorce. Christian scholars have different positions regarding the controversial issue.They argue that (1) divorce is never permitted under any circumstances (2) divorce is tolerable under certain, specifie d circumstances and (3) divorce is permissible under many circumstances (House). The first argument supports that marriage is lifelong and permanent and divorce is against Gods standards and Christians are strictly prohibited from having divorce. Those who support the second argument that divorce is permissible under specific circumstances believe that divorce is not prohibited by biblical texts. They believe that one spouse commiting adultery means that a divorce can be allowed. Desertion is also being considered as a valid reason for divorce in this argument.On the other hand, the third view argues that divorce is allowed not just for conditions of adultery and renunciation but for many other conditions as well (House). Generally speaking, divorce has many adverse effects on children. It affects their behavior, emotional and psychological health. Although some research studies indicate that children have been able to overcome the behavioral, emotional and psychological effects cau sed by divorce and were able to break out as successful individuals, many children still suffer from the harmful effects of divorce. As discussed, children from divorced families have a higher tendency to commit suicide, are more likely to commit crime and premarital sex as well as having poorer performance in academics.To sum it up, divorce does not provide any good effects on children and because of the many negative effects, it would be better if couples do not resort to divorce so as not to disregard the well-being of their children. It would be better off if couples just settle their differences for the sake of the children. It is also recommended that the government take steps to at least be able to lessen the cases of divorce if not eliminate it. On the other hand, the church should re-orient people the importance of marriage and deciding who to marry as simple as it has become today. The Church must make the people know that marriage is a life-changing decision. The status o f marriage, particularly in the United States which is one of the countries with the highest divorce rates, is not strong.Works CitedParker, Wayne. The personal effects of Divorce on Children and How to Cope. accessed April 2, 2008 from, Clandos, Rosemary, Kemp, Gina M. A. , Jaffe, Jaelline Ph. D. , & Segal, Jeanne Ph. D. 28 September 2007. Coping with Divorce Helping Your Child Cope with detachment or Divorce. accessed April 2, 2008 from, Peterson, Karen. Is Divorce a Bad Thing? Does it often leave broken children in its heat up? Apparently not. 2004 June. accessed April 2, 2008 from,

Epistemology and Metaphysics Schools Paper Essay

The disposition of agnosticism in real-life today, on a daily basis goes mostly unnoticed. peck react to environments of skepticism differently and could become biased upon the subject discussed. According to Encyclopedia Britannica (2011), skepticism is defined as 1 an attitude of suspect or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object 2 a the doctrine that true fellowship or knowledge in a particular area is un sealed b the method of suspended judgment, systematic doubt, or criticism characteristic of skeptics (Dictionary, para. 1). People are inclined to accept ideas in society today without unbelieving what is actually being presented.It is very important to question or think critically when confronted with authority because the anaesthetise at hand may not al steerings be right. Imagine if Philosophers, such as Copernicus did not hypothesize that the earth is not the center of the universe. We would still be living with various points of vi ews on the subject. People should not accept ideas of others without questioning the ideas first. Unfortunately, we do this everyday unconsciously. At work our supervisors make requests to perform certain t implores, which most of the time we do not question the outcome. We take for granted that our supervisor knows what he or she is doing because of the authoritative figure that he or she plays. Skepticism could carry quite an impact on the way employees perform his or her job.In the work environment employees usually take for granted that the boss knows best, and depending on the situation might not question the reason for his or her position on the process. For instance, when a supervisor implements a new job and informs his or her employees on the due date without asking for input, it is with reasonable doubt that one would be skeptical. The employees could have questioned the bosss process such as whether he or she maintained good judgment on the direction that he or she take s on-the-job. Questions could also be raised in regard to the types of consequences employees will have if the job is not performed well.Employees could be skeptical of the job and ask if it is in the best interest of the company, especially if the supervisor did not have input from the employees prior to the stick out of the job. Employees typically become skeptical and doubt the authority figures of most bosses. Skepticism also plays a graphic symbol in our schooling. We usually take the teachers role and the information presented to us to be correct even though the information could be incorrect. Our society has come to trust what others have told us to believe in and our minds have been trained to believe the information to be correct. Everyone should be valued for his or her own opinion and fit skepticism in real-life environments.ReferencesEncyclopedia Britannica. (2011). Encyclopedia-Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Retrieved from http//www.britannica.com.ezproxy.apollolib rary.com/bps/dictionary?query=skepticism&header_go=

Woman Renaissance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Woman Renaissance - Essay voiceOne such case of women renaissances lies in the curiosity that came up amongst women in modern Europe quest the recognition of a patriarchal order in society thus women were put in their give birth unique situation to eng ripen in their desires. This is especially so in England, where women discovered overcame the issue of modern dressing that was common at that time and adopted a more adventurous dress code. The above-named dress code defied their role as people who stayed at home and away from the public glower for preservation of a pure bloodline, and made them into suspicious beings in the eyes of men. The womens revolution get ahead covered the self-control of plaza by women, where to many, if any could own property. Concerning those that owned property it was regarded as extremely unusual as it was unlikely in the first place for a woman to have property of any kind in her own name. In this case property was totally patriarchal in that i t could only be passed to male members of a family (McKay 395). Looking at merchant families reveals that in spite of family soil in terms of religious differences and only allowed inheritance through the male line. The different social backgrounds that were lose by this patriarchal tendency include religion and social values, as all this was embedded in classical values as shown by the sidelines at which women were kept. There were also leadership issues towards the renaissance of women in early modern Europe, where there was debate about female rulers, where royal born women were given an precept and rights (McKay 393). This was department of the renaissance in that it openly defied gender roles and partially welcomed female responsibility, where women could be rulers. In addition, ownership of property was fully meant for the glory of men, where they were to be honored and respected by women at all times since they were at the mercy of men. These also involved keeping women a way from public life and were isolated at home in an attempt to see that their fertility was preserved towards the purity of bloodlines. This is in an attempt to ensure that male line of inheritance was purely familial and not from bastard sons. The above is termed as part of keeping man away from evil following biblical accounts stating that Eve was the villain that brought about poor unto man thus purity as further depicted by the story of the virgin bloody shame had to be maintained (McKay 396). In addition, this occurred by keeping women isolated in their homes, where even artwork in the form of paintings indicate the isolation of women by being drawn next to windows (McKay 417). This is especially so in the case of England and France, where the church had a strong influence and only served to ensure that the hidebound trends of the day and age were followed. This serves towards showing the lack of a renaissance for women in modern Europe due to religious lines and traditiona list ideologies that kept women away from owning property and even having a life outside of their houses as they were seen as unreliable beings (McKay 396). In addition to this, their sense of worth was highly demeaned, as their parents had to pay bride price for their marriage devising the perception towards them be highly negative as they were of no economic worth except bringing expenses. However, women did have a renaissance in early modern Europe, as it brought about curiosity, as rather mentioned in the concept of sexuality, only that in this case it was drawn towards knowledge. During this time, there arose a sense of sensation amongst women who strived to have more knowledge and overcome their conventional roles

Systems Approach Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Systems Approach - Essay ExampleKelly, G., p.204. consort to this, the laws organization the parts determine or cause the mien of the whole. Thats why the clients behavior needs to be outlooked as a whole, being determined by the complex of influences from intimate and outside surroundings to the organism. General Systems Theory is based on the assumption that there are universal principles of organization, which give birth all the systems, be they physical, chemical, biological, mental or social. In this case, while treating a client there is an urgent need to appreciate his behavior as being influenced by a complicated list of determinates, which could be very different, but at the same time, due to the Systems Approach, are similar to all the human organisms.According to G.A.Kelly, the person-as-clent is what he does, and the therapist is primary interested in the clients overall personal facial expression system within which he structures his world, and builds his relati ons to such a world. Primary diagnostic work in this case include an outline of the clients existing channels of movement, the prediction of the development of a way how a person will be acquire, and what factors this behavior is determined by. The reasons for this emerge from the clients inner problems, hidden in his childhood (this is the case of study for psychoanalysis, when the behavioral patterns of a client are the shadows of the events happened to him in the past), or are determined by the conditions of the present surrounding, and his personal behavioral constructs.Kelly stresses, that by seeing a clients constructs and their opposites as channels of potential movement for him, the therapist has some basis for divination what adjustments will appear to the client to be available when he finds himself up to his ears in people. Kelly, G., p.187To view a client and to make an appropriate diagnosis the therapist must point of all the influences which have a certain impact on t he